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Ecuador

$Small country map\n© Microsoft Virtual Earth$

Capital:	Quito
Area size:	276840 sq. km Slightly larger than the United Kingdom
Time zone:	GMT -5
Currency:	U.S. dollar (since 2000)
Area code:	(+) 593
Driving:	Right
Climate description:	Variable with altitude from tropical in coastal lowlands to areas of permanent snow in the Andes; the rainy season is warm and humid from December-May; dry season from June-November

People

Standard of living

Economy & aid

Health

Disasters, conflict & migration

Language
Spanish is the official language although 40 percent of the population speaks Quechua and other indigenous languages.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2007	13.3 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	13.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	13.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	12.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	12.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	12.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	12.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	12.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
17.7 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)

Ethnic groups
Some 65 percent of Ecuadorans are mestizos (mixed descent) and 25 percent are indigenous. There are also Afro-American and white minorities.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Predominantly Christian; 95 percent are Roman Catholics.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	63.8 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	63.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	62.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	62.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	61.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	61.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	60.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	60.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1929 1967
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2006)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	32.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	32.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	33.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	33.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	33.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	33.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Average life expectancy

2005	74.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	74.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	74.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	70.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	70.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	70.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	71.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	71.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	71.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	68.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	68.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	67.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	77.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	77.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	77.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	73.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	73.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	73.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2006	21 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	22 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	23 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	24 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	25 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	24 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	25 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2006	24 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	25 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	26 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	27 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	29 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	75 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	69 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	69 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	69 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	69 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	69 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	110 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	130 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	89	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	83	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	82	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	100	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	97	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	93	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2006	9 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	12 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	12 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	12 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	15 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2000	5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2002-2004 average	6 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	5 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2004	94 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	86 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	85 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2004	89 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	72 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	86 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	91.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	91.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	91.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	91.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	91.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	92.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	92.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	92.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	93.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	93.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	89.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	89.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	89.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	90.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	90.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2006	131 per 1,000 people	International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2007
2005	127 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	123 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	118 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	110 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	104 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	97 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Cellular telephone subscribers

2006	632 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	472 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	269 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	183 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	120 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	67 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	38 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Internet users

2006	115 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	73 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	47 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	44 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	41 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	26 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	14 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)

2007	150 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	138 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	107 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	112 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	113 (joint)	Transparency International
2002	89 (joint)	Transparency International
2001	79 (joint)	Transparency International
2000	74 (joint)	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	17.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	15.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	17.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	17.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	20.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2005	2620 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004	2320 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003	1920 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002	1560 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	1380 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000	1340 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country�s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2005	36.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004	32.6 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003	28.6 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002	24.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	21.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000	15.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Annual GDP growth

2005	4.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004	7.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003	3.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002	4.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	5.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000	2.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Annual inflation

2005	6.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004	5.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003	11 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002	12.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	26.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000	-7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
0.9 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
41.6 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	148 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	148 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	145 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	138 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2005	0.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2006
2003	0.3 percent	UNAIDS 2006

Malaria
Risk from P.vivax and P.falciparum throughout the year below 1500m. Some risk in Cotopaxi, Loja and Los Rios. Higher risk in El Oro, Esmeraldas and Manabi. No risk in Guayaquil or Quito. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2006	128 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2005	132 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2004	136 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2003	140 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2002	144 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2001	148 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2000	152 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here

2006	887	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	770	UNHCR
2004	727	UNHCR
2003	730	UNHCR
2002	822	UNHCR
2001	653	UNHCR
2000	671	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2006	11789	UNHCR
2005	10063	UNHCR
2004	8450	UNHCR
2003	6381	UNHCR
2002	3240	UNHCR
2001	1715	UNHCR
2000	1602	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2004	7	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	2.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	2.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	2.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	No data available percent
2002-2004	No data available percent
2000-2002	1.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	1.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	1.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	2.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	2.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	1.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	2.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	1.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

AlertNet makes every effort to ensure statistics are updated from the relevant sources as soon as they are available.

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