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Nepal

$Small country map\n© Microsoft Virtual Earth$

Capital:	Kathmandu
Area size (Land only):	143000 sq. km Approximatley half the size of Finland
Time zone:	GMT +5 3/4
Currency:	Rupee
Area code:	(+) 977
Driving:	Left
Climate description:	Nepal has a wide range of climatic conditions from tropical forest to snow-capped mountains and glaciers. The main rainy season is between late June to September with hot temperatures. The remainder of the year has warm and settled weather. Rainfall decreases from east to west.

People

Standard of living

Economy & aid

Health

Disasters, conflict & migration

Language
The official language is Nepali, but is only spoken by about half the population. There are numerous other languages, with Tibetan being the second most common language.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2009	29.3 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007	27.8 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	27.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	27.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	26.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	26.0 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	25.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	25.0 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	24.4 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
49.0 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
Nepali 53 percent, Bihari 18 percent. Other ethnic groups include the Tharu, Tamang, Newar, Magar and Abadhi.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Hinduism, the official religion, is practised by 86 percent of the population. There are also Buddhist (8 percent), Muslim (4 percent) and Christian minorities.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	16.7 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	16.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	15.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	15.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	14.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	14.4 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	14.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	13.4 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1951
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2005)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	39.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	39.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	39.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	40.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	40.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	41.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Average life expectancy

2005	62.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	62.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	61.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	59.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	59.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	58.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	62.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	61.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	61.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	59.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	59.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	58.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	62.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	62.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	62.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	59.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	58.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	58.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2007	43 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	46 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	56 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	59 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	61 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	66 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	66 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	72 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2007	55 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	59 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	74 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	76 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	82 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	91 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	100 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	11 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	15 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	11 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	11 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	11 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	12 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	830 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	740 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	142	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	138	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	136	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	140	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	143	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	142	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2007	45 percent	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006	39 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	48 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	48 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	48 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	48 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	48 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	47 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2003-2005	15 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2008
2002-2004average	17 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	17 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	89 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	90 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	84 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	88 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	27 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	35 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	27 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	28 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	48.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	48.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	44 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	42.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	41.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	62.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	62.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	61.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	60.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	59.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	34.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	34.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	26.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	25.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	24.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2008	28 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	25 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	22 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	18 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	16 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	14 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	13 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	12 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	11 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Cellular telephone subscribers

2008	116 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	116 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	42 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	8 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	0.9 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	0.7 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	0.4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Internet users

2008	14 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	14 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	11 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	8 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	5 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)

2008	121 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	131 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	121 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	107 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	90 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	Not ranked
2002	Not ranked
2001	Not ranked
2000	Not ranked

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	24.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	24.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	37.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	37.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	37.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2007	350 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	320 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	300 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	270 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	250 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	230 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	230 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	220 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2007	10.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	9.0 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	8.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	7.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	6.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	6.1 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	6.0 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	5.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth

2006	2.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	3.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	4.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	3.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	0.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	5.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	6.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2007	7.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	7.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	6.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	4.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	3.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	3.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	11.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	4.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
2.6 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
40.6 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	21 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	21 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	5 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	4 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	0.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	0.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	0.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	0.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	0.5 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
Risk from P.vivax throughout the year in the rural areas of 20 Terai districts bordering with India. Also in parts of the inner Terai valleys of Udaypur, Sindhupalchowk, Makwanpur, Chitwan and Dang. P.falciparum resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2007	173 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2006	176 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2005	180 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2004	184 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2003	187 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2002	191 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2001	195 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2000	199 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here

2008	4189	UNHCR
2007	3363	UNHCR
2006	2647	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	2065	UNHCR
2004	1461	UNHCR
2003	1231	UNHCR
2002	902	UNHCR
2001	306	UNHCR
2000	235	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2008	122332	UNHCR
2007	128181	UNHCR
2006	128175	UNHCR
2005	126436	UNHCR
2004	124928	UNHCR
2003	123667	UNHCR
2002	132436	UNHCR
2001	130945	UNHCR
2000	129237	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

2007	50000 - 70000	Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2008
2006	100000 - 200000	IDMC 2006
2005	100000 - 200000	IDMC 2006

Landmine casualties per year

2007	104	Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2006	169	Landmine Monitor Report 2008
2004	At least 132	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	At least 76	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
No
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	2.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	1.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	1.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	3.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	3.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2000-2002	3.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	3.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	3.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	1.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	1.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	1.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	1.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	0.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

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