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Niger

$Small country map\n© Microsoft Virtual Earth$

Capital:	Niamey
Area size:	1266700 sq. km Slightly larger than western Europe
Time zone:	GMT +1
Currency:	CFA Franc
Area code:	(+) 227
Driving:	Right
Climate description:	Dry season from October to May. Dry and cooling from November to January but dusty "harmattan" blowing from the east.

People

Standard of living

Economy & aid

Health

Disasters, conflict & migration

Language
French is the official language, but several local languages are also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2007	13.6 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	13.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	13.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	12.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	12.4 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	11.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	11.5 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	11.1 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
21.8 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)

Ethnic groups
Niger's herding peoples vary in ethnic origins from Berber Tuareg to Fulani, including the Tibu. The south is dominated by the Hausa, Djerma, Songhai and Kamuri, among others.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Islam, though traditional African religions and a Christian minority are also present in the south.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	17.2 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	17.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	16.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	16.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	16.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	16.4 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	16.3 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	16.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1948
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2006)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	48.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	49.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	49.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	50 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	49.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	49.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Average life expectancy

2005	55.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	44.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	44.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	46.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	45.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	45.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	56.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	44.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	44.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	45.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	45.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	44.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	54.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	44.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	44.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	46.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	45.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	45.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2006	148 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	150 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	152 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	154 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	156 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	156 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	159 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2006	253 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	256 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	259 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	262 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	265 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	270 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	16 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	16 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	16 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	16 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	16 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	16 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	1800 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	1600 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	174	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	177	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	177	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	176	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	174	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	172	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2006	44 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	40 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	40 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	40 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	40 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	40 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	40 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2002-2004 average	32 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	32 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2004	46 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	46 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	59 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2004	13 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	12 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	20 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	28.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	14.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	17.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	16.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	15.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	42.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	19.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	25.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	24.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	23.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	15.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	9.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	9.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	8.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	8.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2006	2 per 1,000 people	International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2007
2005	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Cellular telephone subscribers

2006	23 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	23 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	14 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	7 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	5 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	0.2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	0.2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Internet users

2006	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	2 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	0.4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)

2007	123 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	138 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	126 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	122 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	Not ranked
2002	Not ranked
2001	Not ranked
2000	Not ranked

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
No (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	60.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	60.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	61.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	61.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	61.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2006	270� current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	250� current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	220 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	190 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	170 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	170 current US$	WorldBankDataProfileTables2008
2000	170 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country�s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2006	3.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	3.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	2.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	2.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	2.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	1.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	1.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual GDP growth

2005	4.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004	0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003	5.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002	3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	7.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000	-1.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Annual inflation

2005	6.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004	1.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003	-0.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002	3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001	4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000	4.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
0.8 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
35.4 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	2 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	3 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	3 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	4 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2005	1.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2006
2003	1.1 percent	UNAIDS 2006

Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum throughout the year in the whole country. Chloroquine resistance reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2006	174 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2005	170 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2004	166 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2003	163 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2002	159 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2001	156 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2000	153 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here

2006	818	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	655	UNHCR
2004	689	UNHCR
2003	728	UNHCR
2002	834	UNHCR
2001	483	UNHCR
2000	493	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2006	317	UNHCR
2005	301	UNHCR
2004	344	UNHCR
2003	328	UNHCR
2002	296	UNHCR
2001	83	UNHCR
2000	58	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	4	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997 )
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	No data available percent
2004	1.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	2.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	2.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2000-2002	2.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	2.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	2.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	2.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	2.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	2.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	1.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	1.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

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