Colombia
BASIC FACTS
Bogota
Area size
1038700 sq. km
Area comparison
Slightly smaller than Scandinavia
PEOPLE
Language
Spanish (official); there are dozens of Indian languages including Wayuu and Cuaiquer.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide
Population
Future population estimates
64.9 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)
Ethnic groups
Colombians are descended from Native Americans, Africans and Europeans.
Source: NI World Guide
Religion
Roman Catholicism (93 percent) is the official religion.
Source: NI World Guide
Percentage urban population
Year women granted right to vote
1954
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.
Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
87 (2005)
Source: U.N. Educational
Percentage of population under 15
Spanish (official); there are dozens of Indian languages including Wayuu and Cuaiquer.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide
Population
| 2007 | 46.1 million | U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006) |
| 2006 | 45.5 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2005 | 44.9 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2004 | 44.3 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2003 | 43.7 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2002 | 43.0 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2001 | 42.4 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2000 | 41.7 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
Future population estimates
64.9 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)
Ethnic groups
Colombians are descended from Native Americans, Africans and Europeans.
Source: NI World Guide
Religion
Roman Catholicism (93 percent) is the official religion.
Source: NI World Guide
Percentage urban population
| 2007 | 73.3 percent | U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005 |
| 2006 | 73.0 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2005 | 72.7 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2004 | 72.4 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2003 | 72.1 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2002 | 71.8 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2001 | 71.5 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2000 | 71.2 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
Year women granted right to vote
1954
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.
Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
87 (2005)
Source: U.N. Educational
Percentage of population under 15
| 2004 | 31.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 31.8 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 32.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 32.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 32.8 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
USEFUL INFORMATION
Time zone
GMT -5
Climate description
Tropical in the coastal regions, temperate on the plateaux to cold in the Andes mountains.
Currency
Colombian peso
Telephone dialling code
(+) 57
Driving (left/right)
Right
GMT -5
Climate description
Tropical in the coastal regions, temperate on the plateaux to cold in the Andes mountains.
Currency
Colombian peso
Telephone dialling code
(+) 57
Driving (left/right)
Right
STANDARD OF LIVING
Average life expectancy
Life expectancy - male
Life expectancy - female
Infant mortality
Child mortality - deaths before the age of five
Births attended by skilled personnel
Maternal mortality
130 per 100,000 live births (2000)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
Human development index (HDI rank)
Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
Percentage of undernourished population
Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.
Population with access to improved water
Population with access to improved sanitation
Literacy - average
Literacy - male
Literacy - female
Landlines telephones
Cellular telephone subscribers
Internet users
Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 145=most corrupt)
Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
| 2004 | 72.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 72.4 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 72.2 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 71.8 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 71.2 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Life expectancy - male
| 2004 | 69.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 69.3 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 69.0 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 68.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 68.2 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Life expectancy - female
| 2004 | 75.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 75.4 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 75.2 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 75.0 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 74.8 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Infant mortality
| 2005 | 17 per 1,000 live births | U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007 |
| 2004 | 18 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006 |
| 2003 | 18 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 19 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 19 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 25 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Child mortality - deaths before the age of five
| 2005 | 21 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007 |
| 2004 | 21 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006 |
| 2003 | 21 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 23 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
Births attended by skilled personnel
| 1996-2004 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 1995-2003 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 1995-2002 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1995-2001 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 1995-2000 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Maternal mortality
130 per 100,000 live births (2000)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
Human development index (HDI rank)
Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
| 1996-2005 | 7 percent | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007 |
| 1996-2004 | 7 percent | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006 |
| 1995-2003 | 7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 1995-2002 | 7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1995-2000 | 13 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Percentage of undernourished population
| 2002-2004 average | 13 percent | U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006 |
| 2001-2003average | 14 percent | FAO 2006 |
Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.
Population with access to improved water
| 2004 | 93 percent | UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006 |
| 2002 | 92 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2000 | 91 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
Population with access to improved sanitation
| 2004 | 86 percent | UNICEF and WHO 2006 |
| 2002 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2000 | 86 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
Literacy - average
| 2004 | 92.8 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 94.2 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 92.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 91.9 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 91.7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Literacy - male
| 2004 | 92.9 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 93.7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 92.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 91.9 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 91.7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Literacy - female
| 2004 | 92.7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 94.6 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 92.2 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 91.9 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 91.7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Landlines telephones
| 2005 | 168 per 1,000 people | International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2006 |
| 2004 | 167 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2003 | 179 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2002 | 179 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2001 | 172 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2000 | 170 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
Cellular telephone subscribers
| 2005 | 479 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2004 | 230 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2003 | 141 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2002 | 106 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2001 | 76 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2000 | 53 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
Internet users
| 2005 | 104 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2004 | 85 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2003 | 70 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2002 | 46 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2001 | 27 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
| 2000 | 21 per 1,000 people | ITU 2006 |
Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 145=most corrupt)
| 2006 | 59 | Transparency International |
| 2005 | 55 (joint) | Transparency International |
| 2004 | 60 (joint) | Transparency International |
| 2003 | 59 (joint) | Transparency International |
| 2002 | 57 (joint) | Transparency International |
| 2001 | 50 | Transparency International |
| 2000 | 60 (joint) | Transparency International |
Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
ECONOMY & AID
International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb
Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
GNI per capita, Atlas method
The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country’s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.
GDP
Annual GDP growth
Annual inflation
Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
0.7 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
46.9 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
| 1990-2004 | 7.0 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 1990-2003 | 8.2 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 1990-2002 | 8.2 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1990-2001 | 14.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
GNI per capita, Atlas method
| 2005 | 2290 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2004 | 2010 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2003 | 1840 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2002 | 1840 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2001 | 1930 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2000 | 2060 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country’s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.
GDP
| 2005 | 122.3 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2004 | 96.8 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2006 |
| 2003 | 79.4 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2006 |
| 2002 | 81.2 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2001 | 82.0 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2006 |
| 2000 | 83.8 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
Annual GDP growth
| 2005 | 5.1 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2004 | 4.8 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2003 | 3.9 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2002 | 1.9 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2001 | 1.5 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2000 | 2.9 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
Annual inflation
| 2005 | 6.1 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2004 | 6.3 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2003 | 8.1 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2002 | 5.9 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2001 | 6.2 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
| 2000 | 12.1 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007 |
Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
0.7 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
46.9 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
HEALTH
Physicians
Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum and P.vivax is high throughout the year in rural/jungle areas below 800 metres, especially in the municipalities of Amazonas, Choco, Cordoba, Guainia, Guaviare, Putumayo and Vichada. Chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum exists in Amazonia, Pacifico and Uraba-Bajo Cauca. Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO
TB cases
| 1990-2004 | 135 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 1990-2003 | 94 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1990-2002 | 109 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
| 2005 | 0.6 percent | U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2006 |
| 2003 | 0.5 percent | UNAIDS 2006 |
Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum and P.vivax is high throughout the year in rural/jungle areas below 800 metres, especially in the municipalities of Amazonas, Choco, Cordoba, Guainia, Guaviare, Putumayo and Vichada. Chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum exists in Amazonia, Pacifico and Uraba-Bajo Cauca. Resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO
TB cases
| 2005 | 45 per 100,000 people | WHO 2007 |
| 2004 | 46 per 100,000 people | 46 |
| 2003 | 50 per 100,000 people | WHO 2006 |
| 2002 | 48 per 100,000 people | WHO 2007 |
| 2001 | 52 per 100,000 people | WHO 2006 |
| 2000 | 52 per 100,000 people | WHO 2006 |
DISASTERS, CONFLICT & MIGRATION
Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium
Number of refugees originating here
Number of refugees residing here
Number of internally displaced people\Estimate
Landmine casualties per year
Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report
Percentage of GDP spent on military
Percentage of GDP spent on education
Percentage of GDP spent on health
| 2005 | 60415 | Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) |
| 2004 | 47357 | UNHCR |
| 2003 | 37995 | UNHCR |
| 2002 | 30625 | UNHCR |
| 2001 | 17938 | UNHCR |
| 2000 | 9279 | UNHCR |
Number of refugees residing here
| 2006 | 143 | UNHCR |
| 2005 | 155 | UNHCR |
| 2004 | 141 | UNHCR |
| 2003 | 186 | UNHCR |
| 2002 | 205 | UNHCR |
| 2001 | 210 | UNHCR |
| 2000 | 239 | UNHCR |
Number of internally displaced people\Estimate
| 2006 | 1976970-3940164 | Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) 2007 | |
| 2005 | 1706459 - 3662842 | IDMC 2006 | |
Landmine casualties per year
| 2004 | 863 | Landmine Monitor Report 2005 |
| 2003 | 724 | Landmine Monitor Report 2004 |
Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report
Percentage of GDP spent on military
| 2004 | 3.8 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 4.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
Percentage of GDP spent on education
| 2002-2004 | 4.9 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2000-2002 | 5.2 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 1999-2001 | 4.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1998-2000 | No data available percent |
Percentage of GDP spent on health
| 2003-2004 | 6.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2002 | 6.7 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2001 | 3.6 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2000 | 5.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
AlertNet makes every effort to ensure statistics are updated from the relevant sources as soon as they are available.
