The Humanitarian Early Warning System report: "Small hopper bands and groups of adults including a few swarmlets are forming in one area along the Indo-Pakistan border. Any locusts that escape current control operations could form a few small swarms that are likely to move towards the Indus Valley. Only isolated adults have appeared so far in the winter breeding areas along the Red Sea coasts in Sudan and Yemen. There was an unconfirmed report of an immature swarm in downtown Rabigh on the Red Sea coast north of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia on 31 October but no traces of this swarm or other locusts have been found since then. If confirmed, the swarm may have originated from western Sudan although it is unlikely that it moved nearly 2,000 km without being seen. Small-scale breeding continues in a few places in western Mauritania, northern Mali and Niger, and southeast Algeria. Limited control operations were carried out in Algeria and Niger. Locusts are expected to increase in northwest and northern Mauritania and in adjacent areas of Western Sahara where good rains fell in early October. Intense vigilance is required in these areas."