(Adds EU and U.S. on trade and climate change)

By Jeremy Smith

BRUSSELS, Jan 21 (Reuters) - The European Union and the United States said on Monday they still hoped to seal a long-delayed global trade deal in 2008, and trade ministers this week could help pave the way for a breakthrough soon. "We are rapidly moving towards a moment of truth for the Doha round," EU Trade Commissioner Peter Mandelson said after meeting his U.S. counterpart Susan Schwab.

Mandelson said a deal on core issues such as tariff cuts was needed by the "very early spring" and he hoped a meeting of ministers on Saturday would "help put a clear roadmap in place in the direction that we want these negotiations to lead to".

Mandelson and Schwab and other trade ministers will gather in the Swiss Alpine resort of Davos this week, culminating in a lunch on Saturday, to discuss ways to rescue the World Trade Organisation's Doha round of talks for a global trade deal.

The round was launched in 2001 to boost the global economy and help poor countries to trade their way out of poverty.

But big differences have emerged on how to bring down barriers to trade especially in the area of farm and manufactured goods, and the round risks years of further delay soon as the United States heads into its presidential elections.

Schwab hoped technical talks would come together "the sooner the better to achieve closure on the Doha round in 2008".

"We think this is incredibly important in terms of global economic growth, economic development and alleviating poverty in developing countries and it cannot be done without an ambitious and robust outcome in agriculture, manufacturing and services."

Other trade ministers attending the World Economic Forum in Davos include those of Brazil, India and South Africa which have so far resisted pressure from wealthier nations to open their economies to more imports of goods and services.

The next big step for the round is when the head of the farm talks issues a new draft negotiating text later in January or in February, followed by his counterparts in industry and services.

BILATERAL ISSUES, CLIMATE CHANGE

Mandelson and Schwab said they had also addressed bilateral problems such as U.S. frustration at the EU's slow progress in authorising genetically modified crops and a move by Brussels to reclassify and impose tariffs on electronic goods that were covered by a 1990s agreement removing import duties.

In turn the EU raised its concerns that U.S. biodiesel producers were benefiting from unfair subsidies.

The EU and U.S. trade chiefs said they wanted to help Russia join the WTO but Moscow still had to resolve several issues in the way of its long-delayed accession bid.

On China, which the EU and the United States are pressing to tackle its soaring trade surplus and issues such as counterfeiting, Mandelson said Brussels would stick to its policy of dialogue without precluding tougher action if needed.

Mandelson and Schwab agreed punitive trade measures should not be used against imports from countries that do not sign up to greenhouse gas emissions cuts, an idea recently floated in Europe as part of a raft of EU energy proposals due this week.

"We have been dismayed at a variety of suggestions where we see climate or the environment being used as an excuse to close markets," Schwab said.

Mandelson said an EU carbon tariff would carry "a risk of retaliation" that could hurt European exporters.

EU sources have said the European Commission has shelved an idea of imposing tariffs on imports from countries that do not tackle emissions but there would be a review in 2011.

-- For full coverage, blogs and TV from Davos see: http://uk.reuters.com/news/globalcoverage/worldeconomicforum2008

(Writing by William Schomberg in Davos; editing by Jon Boyle)

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